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<div id="dev-warning" class="admonition note">
  <p class="first admonition-title">Notice</p>
  <p class="last">This document is for a development version of Ceph.</p>
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  <div class="section" id="id1">
<h1>词语翻译惯例<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>标记符号含义：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">=&gt;</span></code> 表示正在更换翻译口径，如果您遇到请反馈给我。</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">?</span></code>  表示尚未决定翻译还是不翻译。</p></li>
</ul>
<dl class="glossary">
<dt id="term-access-key">access key<a class="headerlink" href="#term-access-key" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>访问密钥</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-active-active">active-active<a class="headerlink" href="#term-active-active" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(RGW) 多活</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-active-passive">active-passive<a class="headerlink" href="#term-active-passive" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(RGW) 主从</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-active-standby">active/standby<a class="headerlink" href="#term-active-standby" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>活跃/备用</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-advisory-lock">advisory lock<a class="headerlink" href="#term-advisory-lock" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>咨询锁
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.cnblogs.com/wy123/archive/2020/08/14/13499526.html">https://www.cnblogs.com/wy123/archive/2020/08/14/13499526.html</a></p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-allocation-file">allocation-file<a class="headerlink" href="#term-allocation-file" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>分配信息文件
BlueStore 内部的</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-ancestor-type">ancestor type<a class="headerlink" href="#term-ancestor-type" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>父级类型</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-array">array<a class="headerlink" href="#term-array" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>JSON 相关的为数组；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-assume-role">assume role<a class="headerlink" href="#term-assume-role" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;暂未翻译&gt;，AWS 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-attach">attach<a class="headerlink" href="#term-attach" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>捆绑、绑
rbd -&gt; qemu</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-auxiliary-device">auxiliary device<a class="headerlink" href="#term-auxiliary-device" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>辅助设备。 BlueStore 术语，相对于 main device 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-backfill">backfill<a class="headerlink" href="#term-backfill" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>回填</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-backlog">backlog<a class="headerlink" href="#term-backlog" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>积压
入栈但还没来得及处理的数据量、或最大空间。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-balancer">balancer<a class="headerlink" href="#term-balancer" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>均衡器、均化器？；
active balancer 动态均衡器；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-beacon-message">beacon message<a class="headerlink" href="#term-beacon-message" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>信标消息
MDS 和监视器之间发送的；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-behind-shard">behind shard<a class="headerlink" href="#term-behind-shard" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>落伍分片</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-bitrot">bitrot<a class="headerlink" href="#term-bitrot" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>位翻转</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-bootstrap">bootstrap<a class="headerlink" href="#term-bootstrap" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>自举引导</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-bucket">bucket<a class="headerlink" href="#term-bucket" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-bucket-index">bucket index<a class="headerlink" href="#term-bucket-index" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-bucket-policy">bucket policy<a class="headerlink" href="#term-bucket-policy" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>桶、桶索引（ <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bi</span></code> ）、桶策略</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-channel">channel<a class="headerlink" href="#term-channel" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>信道
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph</span> <span class="pre">--watch-channel</span> <span class="pre">cluster</span></code>
可用信道有 cluster 、 audit 、 cephadm 、 * 表示所有</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-chunk">chunk<a class="headerlink" href="#term-chunk" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>块、校验块。EC术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-clock-drift">clock drift<a class="headerlink" href="#term-clock-drift" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>时钟漂移</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-clog">clog<a class="headerlink" href="#term-clog" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-cluster-log">cluster log<a class="headerlink" href="#term-cluster-log" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>集群日志（基础设施？）</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-cluster-map">cluster map<a class="headerlink" href="#term-cluster-map" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>集群运行图</p>
<p>释义：集群处于动态的运行中，配置会变更、 OSD 会 up/down ，所以把它理解为静态的图是不对的；尤其对大型集群来说，当机、硬件故障是常态。但是在理解、分析时，提取的片段都可以当作静态的，就像拍下的照片。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-complete-filter">complete filter<a class="headerlink" href="#term-complete-filter" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>完整过滤器。 LDAP 术语，还有 partial filter</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-compression-hint">compression hint<a class="headerlink" href="#term-compression-hint" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>压缩提示</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-config-key">config-key<a class="headerlink" href="#term-config-key" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;，来自代码的名词</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-corruption">corruption<a class="headerlink" href="#term-corruption" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>（数据）损坏</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-crash-consistent">crash-consistent<a class="headerlink" href="#term-crash-consistent" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>崩溃一致</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-CRUSH-Controlled-Replication-Under-Scalable-Hashing">CRUSH, Controlled Replication Under Scalable Hashing<a class="headerlink" href="#term-CRUSH-Controlled-Replication-Under-Scalable-Hashing" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>基于可伸缩哈希算法的受控复制
RUSH, Replication Under Scalable Hashing, 基于可伸缩哈希算法的复制</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-CRUSH-map">CRUSH map<a class="headerlink" href="#term-CRUSH-map" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>CRUSH 图</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-deep-copy">deep copy<a class="headerlink" href="#term-deep-copy" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>深复制</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-defer-delete-a-block-device">defer delete a block device<a class="headerlink" href="#term-defer-delete-a-block-device" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>延期删除一个块设备</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-delta">delta<a class="headerlink" href="#term-delta" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(pg) 增量</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-demote-a-image-to-non-primary">demote (a image to non-primary)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-demote-a-image-to-non-primary" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>降级</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-destroyed">destroyed<a class="headerlink" href="#term-destroyed" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>已销毁；
OSD 状态，如 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph</span> <span class="pre">osd</span> <span class="pre">destroy</span> <span class="pre">&lt;id&gt;</span></code> 后的状态。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-device-class">device class<a class="headerlink" href="#term-device-class" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>设备类别</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-device-selector">device selector<a class="headerlink" href="#term-device-selector" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>设备档位。一般翻译为设备选择器，但我觉得不够形象，它是设备树里面一个定死的位置，这个位置有个编号，就像车的档位一样。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-discard">discard<a class="headerlink" href="#term-discard" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;，专业术语，尚未找到好译文。
文件系统功能。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-display-name">display name<a class="headerlink" href="#term-display-name" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>显示名称，昵称。</p>
<p>RGW 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-down-up">down / up<a class="headerlink" href="#term-down-up" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>倒下、倒下了；起来了，活过来了；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-dump">dump<a class="headerlink" href="#term-dump" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>转储、倒出</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-endpoint">endpoint<a class="headerlink" href="#term-endpoint" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>终结点</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-ephemeral-pinning">ephemeral pinning<a class="headerlink" href="#term-ephemeral-pinning" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-ephemerally-pinned">ephemerally pinned<a class="headerlink" href="#term-ephemerally-pinned" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>临时挂单， CephFS 子树分区方面的术语；</p>
<p>挂单是佛教术语，指行脚僧到寺院投宿；单，指僧堂里的名单；
行脚僧把自己的衣挂在名单之下，故称挂单。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-epoch">epoch<a class="headerlink" href="#term-epoch" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>时间结 =&gt; &lt;不翻译&gt; ?</p>
<p>epoch 原意是“新纪元，时代，时期，时间上的一点”，我想作者的意思大概就是每隔一段时间总结一下，汇报下某段时间的事件。大概类似于朝代更迭，只是时间短点而以。</p>
<p><em>last epoch start:</em>
the last epoch at which all nodes in the acting set for a particular
placement group agreed on an authoritative history. At this point,
peering is deemed to have been successful.</p>
<p><em>last epoch clean:</em>
the last epoch at which all nodes in the acting set for a particular
placement group were completely up to date (both PG logs and object
contents). At this point, recovery is deemed to have been completed.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-erasure-coding">erasure coding<a class="headerlink" href="#term-erasure-coding" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-erasure-coded-pool">erasure coded pool<a class="headerlink" href="#term-erasure-coded-pool" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>纠删码存储池</p>
<p>Erasure coding (EC) is a method of data protection in which data is broken into fragments, expanded and encoded with redundant data pieces and stored across a set of different locations, such as disks, storage nodes or geographic locations.</p>
<p>The goal of erasure coding is to enable data that becomes corrupted at some point in the disk storage process to be reconstructed by using information about the data that’s stored elsewhere in the array.</p>
<p>Erasure coding creates a mathematical function to describe a set of numbers so they can be checked for accuracy and recovered if one is lost. Referred to as polynomial interpolation or oversampling, this is the key concept behind erasure codes. In mathematical terms, the protection offered by erasure coding can be represented in simple form by the following equation: n = k + m. The variable “k” is the original amount of data or symbols. The variable “m” stands for the extra or redundant symbols that are added to provide protection from failures. The variable “n” is the total number of symbols created after the erasure coding process.</p>
<p>For instance, in a 10 of 16 configuration, or EC 10/16, six extra symbols (m) would be added to the 10 base symbols (k). The 16 data fragments (n) would be spread across 16 drives, nodes or geographic locations. The original file could be reconstructed from 10 verified fragments.</p>
<p>Erasure codes, also known as forward error correction (FEC) codes, were developed more than 50 years ago. Different types have emerged since that time. In one of the earliest and most common types, Reed-Solomon, the data can be reconstructed using any combination of “k” symbols, or pieces of data, even if “m” symbols are lost or unavailable. For example, in EC 10/16, six drives, nodes or geographic locations could be lost or unavailable, and the original file would still be recoverable.</p>
<p>Erasure coding can be useful with large quantities of data and any applications or systems that need to tolerate failures, such as disk array systems, data grids, distributed storage applications, object stores and archival storage. One common current use case for erasure coding is object-based cloud storage</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-eviction">eviction<a class="headerlink" href="#term-eviction" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>驱逐</p>
<p>在 CephFS 部分，系统对客户端的屏蔽。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-exclusive-lock">exclusive lock<a class="headerlink" href="#term-exclusive-lock" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>互斥锁</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-expirer">expirer<a class="headerlink" href="#term-expirer" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>逾期管理器， swift 对象若设置了生命周期，在过期时将被 expirer 清除；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-export-pin">export pin<a class="headerlink" href="#term-export-pin" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(CephFS) 导出销</p>
<p>释义：默认情况下， MDS 会动态地做负载均衡；而此功能可让目录绑死到一个
rank ，就像用“销子”固定住了，不能再随便动。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-extent">extent<a class="headerlink" href="#term-extent" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>条带。 image extent =&gt; 映像条带</p>
<p>data extent =&gt; 数据区
理解：分配给了 RBD 映像但尚未使用，但仍然属于此映像，含义类似势力范围。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-failover">failover<a class="headerlink" href="#term-failover" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>故障恢复</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-failsafe">failsafe<a class="headerlink" href="#term-failsafe" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>故障双保险，位于 architecture / Smart Daemons Enable Hyperscale</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-failure-domain">failure domain<a class="headerlink" href="#term-failure-domain" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>失效域。 CRUSH 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-fast-read">fast read<a class="headerlink" href="#term-fast-read" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>（EC 存储池的）速读（功能）</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-flapping-osd">flapping osd<a class="headerlink" href="#term-flapping-osd" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>打摆子的 osd
抖动</p>
<p>社区同仁讨论认为，这是随时间延续，不断地在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up</span></code> 、 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">down</span></code>
状态之间反复转换的情形，状态变动的时间间隔有规律或无规律，运动方向
为“上下”，非“左右”、亦非“前后”，也可理解为打摆子、状态翻转。总之是
一种病态的、非正常的状态，按行业惯性应该翻译为“状态抖动”之类的，但
我觉得“打摆子”更能形象地表达 OSD 的这种病态现象。</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt>我把它翻译为“打摆子”的理由为：</dt><dd><p>它是一种“病态”的现象，这种情形有其背后的原因，是可以“治愈”的；
它变成 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">up</span></code> 状态时会立马产生很多IO，足以使底层的硬盘过载，即忽然变“热”；
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">down</span></code> 状态时又只有极少的IO，很“冷”；</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>总之，状态在 up/down 之间变化，由此导致后端存储器的访问热度也是“热/冷”
交替，像极了“疟疾”（俗称打摆子）的症状，故此翻译如是。</p>
<p>我将视情况交替使用这两种翻译，以读起来押韵、顺口为目标。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-full-ratio">full ratio<a class="headerlink" href="#term-full-ratio" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>占满率</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-get-...-eg-get-user-quota">get … (eg: get user quota)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-get-...-eg-get-user-quota" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>查看… (如：查看用户配额)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-grace-period">grace period<a class="headerlink" href="#term-grace-period" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-grace-time">grace time<a class="headerlink" href="#term-grace-time" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>宽限期；宽限时间；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-guest-disk">guest disk<a class="headerlink" href="#term-guest-disk" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>客座磁盘</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-guest-OS">guest OS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-guest-OS" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-guest-operating-system">guest operating system<a class="headerlink" href="#term-guest-operating-system" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>客座操作系统</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-immutable-object">immutable object<a class="headerlink" href="#term-immutable-object" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>不可变对象</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-individual-bucket">individual bucket<a class="headerlink" href="#term-individual-bucket" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>个人桶</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-inline-compression">inline compression<a class="headerlink" href="#term-inline-compression" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>内联压缩、内联数据压缩；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-inode">inode<a class="headerlink" href="#term-inode" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>索引节点</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-intent-log">intent log<a class="headerlink" href="#term-intent-log" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>意图日志</p>
<p><em>From src/rgw/rgw_rados.h:</em>
to notify upper layer that we need to do some operation on an object,
and it’s up to the upper layer to schedule this operation.
e.g., log intent in intent log</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-inventory">inventory<a class="headerlink" href="#term-inventory" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>（存储空间）余量</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-iSCSI-initiator">iSCSI initiator<a class="headerlink" href="#term-iSCSI-initiator" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;</p>
<p>iSCSI 启动器，相当于客户端，由它向 iSCSI target 发起连接。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-iSCSI-target">iSCSI target<a class="headerlink" href="#term-iSCSI-target" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;</p>
<p>相当于服务器、硬盘的代理，处理 iSCSI initiator 的连接。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-keystone">keystone<a class="headerlink" href="#term-keystone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;</p>
<p>Keystone 是 OpenStack 项目的子项目，提供身份识别、令牌、目录和策略服务。实现了 OpenStack 的身份识别 API 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-kvstore">kvstore<a class="headerlink" href="#term-kvstore" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;键值存储，不翻译&gt;</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-laggy-osd">laggy (osd)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-laggy-osd" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-laggy-estimation">laggy estimation<a class="headerlink" href="#term-laggy-estimation" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>滞后的；滞后量；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-layout">layout<a class="headerlink" href="#term-layout" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>（ CephFS 的）布局</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Legal-Hold-status">Legal Hold status<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Legal-Hold-status" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-legal-hold-status">legal hold status<a class="headerlink" href="#term-legal-hold-status" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>依法保留状态
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/configure-inventory.html">https://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/configure-inventory.html</a></p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-lifecycle">lifecycle<a class="headerlink" href="#term-lifecycle" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>生命周期</p>
<p>RGW 术语。 bucket lifecycle =&gt; 桶生命周期</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-link-bucket">link (bucket)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-link-bucket" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>链接（桶到用户）</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-live-migration">live migration<a class="headerlink" href="#term-live-migration" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>在线迁移</p>
<p>RBD 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-main-device">main device<a class="headerlink" href="#term-main-device" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>主设备。 BlueStore 术语，相对的是 auxiliary device 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-manifest">manifest<a class="headerlink" href="#term-manifest" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>载荷清单 ?
还没准确理解含义，暂不翻译。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-manpage">manpage<a class="headerlink" href="#term-manpage" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>手册页</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-master-zone">master zone<a class="headerlink" href="#term-master-zone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-master-zone-group">master zone group<a class="headerlink" href="#term-master-zone-group" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>主域、主域组</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-messenger">messenger<a class="headerlink" href="#term-messenger" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>信使</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-messenger-layer">messenger layer<a class="headerlink" href="#term-messenger-layer" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>信使层</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-multipart-object">multipart object<a class="headerlink" href="#term-multipart-object" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-multi-part">multi-part<a class="headerlink" href="#term-multi-part" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>多块对象 -&gt; 分段对象</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-multipart-upload">multipart upload<a class="headerlink" href="#term-multipart-upload" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>分段上传</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-nearfull-ratio">nearfull ratio<a class="headerlink" href="#term-nearfull-ratio" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>将满比率</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-non-master-zone">non-master zone<a class="headerlink" href="#term-non-master-zone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-non-master-zone-group">non-master zone group<a class="headerlink" href="#term-non-master-zone-group" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>副域、副域组</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-object-info">object-info<a class="headerlink" href="#term-object-info" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt;，因为它是专有名词，来自代码、JSON 输出。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-object-map">object map<a class="headerlink" href="#term-object-map" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>对象表
RBD 术语，追踪对象数据是否真的存在；为支持稀疏数据；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Object-Retention">Object Retention<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Object-Retention" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>对象保留时长</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-objectstore">objectstore<a class="headerlink" href="#term-objectstore" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>对象存储器
可用的有 filestore 、 bluestore</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-object-store">object store<a class="headerlink" href="#term-object-store" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>对象存储库</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-open-file-table">open file table<a class="headerlink" href="#term-open-file-table" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>打开文件表。当前正被打开的文件列表。</p>
<p>此翻译不能准确表达原文的含义，但尚未想到更好的词。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-orphans">orphans<a class="headerlink" href="#term-orphans" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>孤儿对象</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-orphans-search-find-orphans">orphans search, find orphans<a class="headerlink" href="#term-orphans-search-find-orphans" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>捡漏</p>
<p>RGW 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-osd-draining">osd draining<a class="headerlink" href="#term-osd-draining" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>osd 排空</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-osd-reporter">(osd) reporter<a class="headerlink" href="#term-osd-reporter" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>报告者 =&gt; 报信的?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-out">out<a class="headerlink" href="#term-out" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt; =&gt; 出列、出局?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-overlay-pool">overlay pool<a class="headerlink" href="#term-overlay-pool" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>马甲存储池</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-partial-filter">partial filter<a class="headerlink" href="#term-partial-filter" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>局部过滤器，LDAP 术语</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-peer">peer<a class="headerlink" href="#term-peer" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-peering">peering<a class="headerlink" href="#term-peering" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>互联点
（归置组、 OSD ）互联、互联点、正在互联；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-period">period<a class="headerlink" href="#term-period" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>界期 =&gt; &lt;不翻译&gt;</p>
<p>界期保存着组界当前状态的配置数据结构。每个界期都包含一个唯一标识符和一个时间结（ epoch )，每个提交操作都会使界期的时间结递增。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-persistent-cache">persistent cache<a class="headerlink" href="#term-persistent-cache" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>持久缓存</p>
<p>RBD 术语。父映像的缓存，只读的。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-pin-pinning">pin, pinning<a class="headerlink" href="#term-pin-pinning" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>销子，插入</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-placement-group">placement group<a class="headerlink" href="#term-placement-group" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-pg">pg<a class="headerlink" href="#term-pg" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-PG">PG<a class="headerlink" href="#term-PG" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>归置组</p>
<p>placement 意思是放置、配置的意思，是静态的；而归置含有整理、放好的意思，是动态过程。但纵观全文，每次用 CRUSH 算法计算出的结果都是静态的，经常变的只是 CRUSH 计算时的输入，所以从整体来说是“归置”，而从局部来说都是“放置”。</p>
<p><em>pg log:</em>
a list of recent updates made to objects in a PG. Note that these logs
can be truncated after all OSDs in the acting set have acknowledged up
to a certain point.</p>
<p><em>primary:</em>
the (by convention first) member of the acting set, who is responsible
for coordination peering, and is the only OSD that will accept client
initiated writes to objects in a placement group.</p>
<p><em>recovery:</em>
ensuring that copies of all of the objects in a PG are on all of the
OSDs in the acting set. Once peering has been performed, the primary
can start accepting write operations, and recovery can proceed in the
background.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-placement-target">placement target<a class="headerlink" href="#term-placement-target" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>归置目标 =&gt; 归置靶</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-point-release">point release<a class="headerlink" href="#term-point-release" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>小版本</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-pool">pool<a class="headerlink" href="#term-pool" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>存储池</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-prime-PGMap">prime PGMap<a class="headerlink" href="#term-prime-PGMap" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>捡回, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mon_osd_prime_pg_temp</span></code>
原文的 priming 翻译为“捡回”。
因为此字意为：底漆、启动、起爆剂、点火装置等，我的理解是，
旧版的 PGMap 已经一层层盖着压箱底了，新的本应从当前运行的集群里汇总，
可这里启用了旧的，相当于扒了一层底漆，或者点燃了装填好的弹药，故译为捡回。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-priority-set">priority set<a class="headerlink" href="#term-priority-set" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>优先级组。
暂理解为优先级相同的一类配置放入了同一集合。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-promote-an-image-to-primary">promote (an image to primary)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-promote-an-image-to-primary" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-promote-zone">promote (zone)<a class="headerlink" href="#term-promote-zone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>晋级…</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-proposal">proposal<a class="headerlink" href="#term-proposal" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-proposer">proposer<a class="headerlink" href="#term-proposer" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(PAXOS) 提议、提案</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-pubsub-topic">pubsub topic<a class="headerlink" href="#term-pubsub-topic" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>发布订阅话题， pubsub 话题？
rgw 相关；</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-purge">purge<a class="headerlink" href="#term-purge" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>擦净。
如用命令 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph</span> <span class="pre">osd</span> <span class="pre">purge</span> <span class="pre">&lt;id&gt;</span></code> 擦净 OSD 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-quorum">quorum<a class="headerlink" href="#term-quorum" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>法定人数</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-quota-scope">quota scope<a class="headerlink" href="#term-quota-scope" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>配额作用域</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-rank">rank<a class="headerlink" href="#term-rank" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(CephFS) &lt;不翻译&gt; =&gt; 座席、销槽?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-realm">realm<a class="headerlink" href="#term-realm" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>组界 =&gt; &lt;不翻译&gt;</p>
<p>组界，是域组的容器，有了它就能跨集群划分域组。系统允许创建多个组界，这样就能轻易地在同一集群内跑多个不同的配置。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-region">region<a class="headerlink" href="#term-region" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt; =&gt; 辖区?</p>
<p><strong>此概念已废弃，取而代之的是 zonegroup 。</strong></p>
<p>region 是地理空间的逻辑划分，它包含一个或多个 zone 。一个包含多个
region 的集群必须指定一个主 region 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-registry">registry<a class="headerlink" href="#term-registry" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>注册处
cephadm 相关。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-replica">replica<a class="headerlink" href="#term-replica" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>副本</p>
<p>a non-primary OSD in the acting set for a placement group (and who has
been recognized as such and activated by the primary).</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-replicated-pool">replicated pool<a class="headerlink" href="#term-replicated-pool" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>多副本存储池</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-request-entities">request entities<a class="headerlink" href="#term-request-entities" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>请求实体？
不满意，但还没有更好的。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-reshard">reshard<a class="headerlink" href="#term-reshard" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>重分片</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-response-entities">response entities<a class="headerlink" href="#term-response-entities" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>响应内容解析。 HTTP 响应。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-role">role<a class="headerlink" href="#term-role" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>角色。 AWS 术语？</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-round-off">round off<a class="headerlink" href="#term-round-off" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>对齐数据块。本义为四舍五入。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-rule-mask">rule mask<a class="headerlink" href="#term-rule-mask" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>?
crush 相关的。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-sanity-check">sanity check<a class="headerlink" href="#term-sanity-check" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>健全性检查</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-scrub">scrub<a class="headerlink" href="#term-scrub" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>洗刷、洗刷操作</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-secondary-zone">secondary zone<a class="headerlink" href="#term-secondary-zone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-secondary-zone-group">secondary zone group<a class="headerlink" href="#term-secondary-zone-group" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>次域、次域组 =&gt; 副域、副域组</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-secret-key">secret key<a class="headerlink" href="#term-secret-key" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>私钥</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-set">* set<a class="headerlink" href="#term-set" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><em>acting set:</em>
一个归置组的数据同时分布于多个 OSD ，也就是说这些 OSD 负责这个归置组，这些 OSD 就称为 acting set 。也是个变化的集合。</p>
<p><em>hit set:</em>
在 cache tering 中译为：命中集</p>
<p><em>missing set:</em>
Each OSD notes update log entries and if they imply updates to the
contents of an object, adds that object to a list of needed updates.
This list is called the missing set for that &lt;OSD,PG&gt;.</p>
<p><em>up set:</em>
是 acting set 中处于 up 状态的那部分 OSD 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-shard">shard<a class="headerlink" href="#term-shard" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>分片</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Single-Sign-On">Single Sign-On<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Single-Sign-On" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-SSO">SSO<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SSO" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>单点登录</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-slow-request">slow request<a class="headerlink" href="#term-slow-request" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>慢请求</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-snap-trim">snap trim<a class="headerlink" href="#term-snap-trim" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>快照修剪</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-snapset">snapset<a class="headerlink" href="#term-snapset" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><em>未翻译</em></p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-spread-metadata-load">spread metadata load<a class="headerlink" href="#term-spread-metadata-load" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>散布元数据负荷</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-staging-period">staging period<a class="headerlink" href="#term-staging-period" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>暂存的 period</p>
<p>RGW 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-stale-pg">stale pg<a class="headerlink" href="#term-stale-pg" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>掉队、落伍的归置组</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-standby">standby<a class="headerlink" href="#term-standby" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>灾备、备用</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-standby-replay">standby-replay<a class="headerlink" href="#term-standby-replay" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-standby-replay-daemon">standby-replay daemon<a class="headerlink" href="#term-standby-replay-daemon" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>灾备重放、灾备重放守护进程； =&gt; 热备</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-stopped-set">stopped set<a class="headerlink" href="#term-stopped-set" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>停止集。 MDS 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-storage-class">storage class<a class="headerlink" href="#term-storage-class" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>存储类</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://aws.amazon.com/cn/s3/storage-classes/">https://aws.amazon.com/cn/s3/storage-classes/</a>
按不同案例、访问频率、访问方式划分的？</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-storage-overhead">storage overhead<a class="headerlink" href="#term-storage-overhead" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>存储开销
假设数据存储了 3 个副本，其实我们只要保证一份完整即可，另外两份就是
overhead 。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-stray">stray<a class="headerlink" href="#term-stray" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>an OSD who is not a member of the current acting set, but has not yet
been told that it can delete its copies of a particular placement group.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-string-interpolation">string interpolation<a class="headerlink" href="#term-string-interpolation" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>字符串插值， <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interpolation">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_interpolation</a></p>
<p>即把字符串替换成同名变量的值。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-striping-period">striping period<a class="headerlink" href="#term-striping-period" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-subuser">subuser<a class="headerlink" href="#term-subuser" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(Swift API) 子用户</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-tenant">tenant<a class="headerlink" href="#term-tenant" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(OpenStack) 租户</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-thin-provisioning-thin-provisioned">thin provisioning / thin provisioned<a class="headerlink" href="#term-thin-provisioning-thin-provisioned" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>简配
thick provisioning -&gt; 全配</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-threading-model">threading model<a class="headerlink" href="#term-threading-model" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>线程池模型</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-throttling">throttling<a class="headerlink" href="#term-throttling" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>抑制、节流
throttler -&gt; 减速器</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-tier-type">tier type<a class="headerlink" href="#term-tier-type" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>&lt;不翻译&gt; RGW 术语。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-token">token<a class="headerlink" href="#term-token" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>(OpenStack) 令牌</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-transcript-file">transcript file<a class="headerlink" href="#term-transcript-file" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>笔录文件、目录文件？</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-trim">trim<a class="headerlink" href="#term-trim" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-trimming">trimming<a class="headerlink" href="#term-trimming" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>裁剪、清理；
裁截 =&gt; 清理?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-unlink-bucket">unlink bucket<a class="headerlink" href="#term-unlink-bucket" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>断开、切断桶链接、解绑桶、解除连接，视具体语境采用。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-writeback">writeback<a class="headerlink" href="#term-writeback" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>不译。通常译作回写模式，但由于配置时也要写 writeback ，干脆不译，在首次出现时的旁边标注一下。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-zap">zap<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zap" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>擦净、删除；（快速摧毁）
&lt;不译，需重新斟酌&gt;
zap 操作之后，物理的东西还是那个东西，但是上面的数据、逻辑变了，和删除有区别。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-zone">zone<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zone" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>域，是一或多个 Ceph 对象网关例程的逻辑分组。每个域组应该指定一个域为主域，由它负责所有桶和用户的创建。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-zonegroup">zonegroup<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zonegroup" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-zone-group">zone group<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zone-group" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>域组，由多个域组成，此概念大致相当于Jewel 版以前联盟部署中的辖区（
region ）。应该有一个主域组，负责处理系统配置变更。</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-zonegroup-map">zonegroup map<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zonegroup-map" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dt id="term-zone-group-map">zone group map<a class="headerlink" href="#term-zone-group-map" title="Permalink to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>域组映射图</p>
<p>是个配置的数据结构，它保存着整个系统的映射图，也就是哪个域组是主的、各个域组间的关系、以及其它可配置信息，如存储策略。</p>
</dd>
</dl>
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